Sustainable Bioavtur Development Strategy in Indonesia

Abstract

Reducing emissions in the aviation sector in Indonesia is in line with international decarbonization efforts. This study aims to assess the potential for sustainable bioavtur development in Indonesia, to project future demand and emission reduction requirements, and to identify priority feedstocks and process technologies. Aviation fuel consumption is projected to grow from 4.9 million kilolitres in 2024 to 12.5 million kilolitres in 2060, while the sector must move from 1.9 million tons of CO2e in 2024 to a reduction of 25.6 million tons of CO2e in 2060, in line with the global target of an 85% cut from 2019 levels and carbon-neutral growth in international aviation from 2027. The study combines demand and emission projections, simulation of raw material availability, and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank feedstocks and technologies. The results show that crude palm oil, used cooking oil, and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, partly generated by the free nutritious meals programme, together with HEFA and FT processes, are the current priorities for development. A series of policies need to be promoted to support bioavtur production, including raw material security, decarbonization technology options, ease of investment, incentive support to achieve economic viability, and balanced information dissemination.

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